Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system – diagnosis, symptoms and treatment

The nervous system is responsible for controlling all bodily functions, from movement to cognitive processes to autonomic functions. There are two main components of the nervous system: the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (CNS), which consists of peripheral nerves. Diseases affecting these structures can significantly affect the quality of life of patients.

• headaches and dizziness
• spine disorders and radicular syndromes
• vascular diseases of the nervous system
• movement disorders
• dementia syndromes
• neuromuscular disorders
• other neurological diseases requiring specialist care.

When to see a neurologist?

Problems related to the nervous system can manifest themselves in a variety of ailments, which are often underestimated or confused with other diseases. Meanwhile, a quick neurological consultation allows for early diagnosis and implementation of effective treatment, which can prevent serious health consequences.

It is worth visiting a neurological clinic if you experience:

• Chronic headaches – especially if they are recurrent, worsen over time or appear suddenly and with high intensity.
• Sensory disturbances – such as tingling, numbness in the limbs or loss of sensation in certain areas of the body.
• Problems with coordination and balance – difficulty moving, frequent falls or dizziness.
• Muscle weakness – a sudden weakening of strength in the limbs that makes everyday activities difficult.
• Convulsions or epileptic seizures – even a single episode requires neurological diagnosis.
• Vision, hearing or speech disorders – unexplained changes in visual acuity, hearing loss or difficulty articulation.
• Problems with memory and concentration – especially if they are accompanied by other neurological symptoms.
• Tremors in the limbs or nervous tics – occurring at rest or during activities.
• Recurrent fainting or loss of consciousness – which may indicate nervous system disorders.

Do not delay your visit if your symptoms are sudden or progressive. A neurologist will help not only in diagnostics, but also in choosing the right treatment and rehabilitation, which will improve the quality of life. At Mediss Medical, we provide comprehensive neurological care, tailored to the individual needs of each patient.

A visit to a neurologist – how does it work?

Each visit to a neurologist begins with a medical history. The doctor collects information about the patient’s symptoms, past illnesses, medications used, lifestyle and type of work. The next step is a physical examination, which allows the neurologist to assess the functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system.

If the neurologist notices abnormalities in one of the neurological reflexes, sensory disturbances or any motor problems, he may decide to order additional tests that must be performed outside our facility, such as:

• Computed tomography (CT) – a radiological examination that uses X-rays to obtain very precise images of the body in the form of cross-sections. CT is commonly used in the diagnosis of many diseases, enabling accurate imaging of internal structures.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – a test that uses the magnetic properties of water molecules in organisms. As a result, MRI enables very precise imaging of both bones and soft tissues, which makes it a widely used tool in neurological, orthopedic and oncological diagnostics.
• Electroencephalography (EEG) – a test used to assess the bioelectrical activity of the brain. Electrodes placed on the patient’s head record changes in electrical potential resulting from the activity of neurons in the cerebral cortex. EEG allows you to diagnose and monitor conditions such as epilepsy or insomnia.
• PET-CT emission tomography – a modern, minimally invasive test that combines positron emission tomography with computed tomography. PET-CT enables whole-body imaging and is used in the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiac, oncological and neurological diseases.

Neurological treatment and patient care

Our specialists put emphasis on an individual approach to the patient, adapting treatment methods to their needs and health condition.

In addition to pharmacotherapy, we offer:

• Neurological physiotherapy.
• Psychological support.
• Rehabilitation programs supporting the return to full fitness.

Take care of the health of your nervous system with Mediss Medical. We provide an individual approach and comprehensive care for each patient. Make an appointment today!

The most common diseases of the central nervous system:

 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin sheaths of nerves in the brain and spinal cord.

Symptoms: visual disturbances, problems with motor coordination, numbness and muscle weakness, fatigue and cognitive difficulties.

Parkinson’s disease – This is a neurodegenerative condition, characterized by the gradual atrophy of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the brain.

Symptoms: trembling hands, muscle stiffness, slowness of movement, balance disorders.

Strokes – This is a sudden disturbance of blood circulation in the brain, which leads to hypoxia of brain tissue.

Symptoms: sudden weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, speech disorders, visual disturbances, dizziness.

The most common diseases of the peripheral nervous system:

Polyneuropathies – This is a group of diseases in which peripheral nerves are damaged. The causes can range from diabetes to vitamin deficiencies.

Symptoms: numbness and tingling, muscle pain and weakness, sensory problems in the limbs.

Carpal tunnel syndrome – A disease caused by compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel.

Symptoms: Pain and numbness in the wrist and finger area, weakening of the grip. difficulties in precise hand movements.

Sciatica – Inflammation or compression of the sciatic nerve, most often caused by a herniated spinal disc.

Symptoms: pain radiating from the lower back to the leg, numbness and weakness in the leg muscles, trouble walking.